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CB200
ZHONGHAI
ZHQL-CB200
A steel bridge’s exceptional strength, durability, and ability to span vast distances stem from its carefully engineered components. Each part, tailored to withstand heavy loads and harsh environments, works in harmony to create a reliable structure—whether for highways, railways, or pedestrian use. Understanding these core components reveals why steel bridges remain a cornerstone of modern infrastructure.
The main girders (or main beams) are the steel bridge’s primary load-bearing elements. Typically made of high-strength steel (such as ASTM A572 Grade 50), these long, rigid beams run the full length of the bridge, supporting the entire weight of traffic, decking, and environmental loads (like wind or snow). Their cross-sectional shapes—often I-beams, box girders, or truss girders—maximize strength while minimizing weight: box girders, for example, excel at resisting torsion, making them ideal for curved bridges.
Decking forms the bridge’s driving or walking surface, sitting atop the main girders. For steel bridges, decking options include steel plates (often galvanized for corrosion resistance), composite decking (steel paired with concrete for added strength), or even wooden planks for pedestrian-only spans. Steel decking is lightweight and easy to install, while composite decking leverages concrete’s stiffness to reduce steel stress—extending the bridge’s lifespan. Non-slip coatings are often added to enhance safety in wet or icy conditions.
Stringers (or secondary beams) act as intermediaries between main girders and decking. These smaller steel beams run perpendicular to main girders, distributing the deck’s load evenly across the primary structure. Their spacing depends on the decking material—closer spacing for lighter decking like wood, wider spacing for heavy steel plates—ensuring no single area bears excessive weight.
Supports—including abutments and piers—anchor the bridge to the ground. Abutments, at the bridge’s ends, connect the structure to the shore and resist horizontal forces (like soil pressure or water flow). They are often made of reinforced concrete with steel plates to attach to main girders. Piers, used for long-span bridges, are vertical supports in the water or on land, made of concrete cores wrapped in steel casings for durability. Both abutments and piers are designed to transfer the bridge’s total load to the underlying soil or rock.
Connectors—such as bolts, welds, and rivets—hold all components together. High-strength bolts (often galvanized) are common for easy maintenance, while welds create permanent, rigid joints for critical areas. These connectors ensure the bridge acts as a single, cohesive structure, preventing movement between parts.
Each component’s quality and coordination define the steel bridge’s performance. By combining high-strength steel with precise engineering, these parts create structures that stand strong for decades, connecting communities and powering global transportation.
A steel bridge’s exceptional strength, durability, and ability to span vast distances stem from its carefully engineered components. Each part, tailored to withstand heavy loads and harsh environments, works in harmony to create a reliable structure—whether for highways, railways, or pedestrian use. Understanding these core components reveals why steel bridges remain a cornerstone of modern infrastructure.
The main girders (or main beams) are the steel bridge’s primary load-bearing elements. Typically made of high-strength steel (such as ASTM A572 Grade 50), these long, rigid beams run the full length of the bridge, supporting the entire weight of traffic, decking, and environmental loads (like wind or snow). Their cross-sectional shapes—often I-beams, box girders, or truss girders—maximize strength while minimizing weight: box girders, for example, excel at resisting torsion, making them ideal for curved bridges.
Decking forms the bridge’s driving or walking surface, sitting atop the main girders. For steel bridges, decking options include steel plates (often galvanized for corrosion resistance), composite decking (steel paired with concrete for added strength), or even wooden planks for pedestrian-only spans. Steel decking is lightweight and easy to install, while composite decking leverages concrete’s stiffness to reduce steel stress—extending the bridge’s lifespan. Non-slip coatings are often added to enhance safety in wet or icy conditions.
Stringers (or secondary beams) act as intermediaries between main girders and decking. These smaller steel beams run perpendicular to main girders, distributing the deck’s load evenly across the primary structure. Their spacing depends on the decking material—closer spacing for lighter decking like wood, wider spacing for heavy steel plates—ensuring no single area bears excessive weight.
Supports—including abutments and piers—anchor the bridge to the ground. Abutments, at the bridge’s ends, connect the structure to the shore and resist horizontal forces (like soil pressure or water flow). They are often made of reinforced concrete with steel plates to attach to main girders. Piers, used for long-span bridges, are vertical supports in the water or on land, made of concrete cores wrapped in steel casings for durability. Both abutments and piers are designed to transfer the bridge’s total load to the underlying soil or rock.
Connectors—such as bolts, welds, and rivets—hold all components together. High-strength bolts (often galvanized) are common for easy maintenance, while welds create permanent, rigid joints for critical areas. These connectors ensure the bridge acts as a single, cohesive structure, preventing movement between parts.
Each component’s quality and coordination define the steel bridge’s performance. By combining high-strength steel with precise engineering, these parts create structures that stand strong for decades, connecting communities and powering global transportation.
